These controversies regarding the relationships amongst citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs may be due to the ways that OCBs are measured. From the literature, OCBs have typically been outlined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.two). Other-rated measurements are struggling to recognize the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4