Abstract Background Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) plays an increasingly important role in the determination of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of macromolecules. In order to achieve 3D reconstruction results close to atomic resolution. 2D single-particle image classification is not only conducive to single-particle selection. but also a key step that affects 3D reconstruction. https://foldlyers.shop/product-category/linear-ics/